Eurozone - 17 countries (Currency Union)
Started with Greece later Ireland , portugal , spain and italy aka PIIGS
Sovereign Debt Crisis - Plus over leveraged financial institutions (pvt banks)
IN short all defaulted aka could not pay
Merit of eurozone - single interest rates for all borrowers
demerits - No competition i.e. ppl borrowed and borrowed
No single fiscal Authority or regulator
No central bank (i.e. why it happened aka no last resort lender in case of crisis)
Thrust to the crisis - Downgrading of investment banks and countries therefore scare in the financial market
Solution
750 B $ bailout BY european financial stability facility EFSF
50% loan waiver from their own countries banks
balanced budget amendment in their respective countries
European Central bank - 3 long year term refinancing operations
Austerity measures - In economics, austerity is a policy of deficit-cutting, lower spending, and a reduction in the amount of benefits and public services provided.[1] Austerity policies are often used by governments to reduce their deficit spending[2] while sometimes coupled with increases in taxes to pay back creditors to reduce debt.[3] "Austerity" was named the word of the year by Merriam-Webster in 2010
India and Eurozone
Will definately effect india since large no. of FDI comes from EU and 20% of indias export will get effected
Started with Greece later Ireland , portugal , spain and italy aka PIIGS
Sovereign Debt Crisis - Plus over leveraged financial institutions (pvt banks)
Government debt, especially that held in bonds denominated in foreign currencies.
Under the doctrine of sovereign immunity, the repayment of sovereign debt cannot be forced by the creditors and it is thus subject to compulsory rescheduling, interest rate reduction, or even repudiation. The only protection available to the creditors is threat of the loss of credibility and lowering of the international standing (the sovereign debt rating) of a country, which may make it much more difficult to borrow in the future.
Under the doctrine of sovereign immunity, the repayment of sovereign debt cannot be forced by the creditors and it is thus subject to compulsory rescheduling, interest rate reduction, or even repudiation. The only protection available to the creditors is threat of the loss of credibility and lowering of the international standing (the sovereign debt rating) of a country, which may make it much more difficult to borrow in the future.
IN short all defaulted aka could not pay
Merit of eurozone - single interest rates for all borrowers
demerits - No competition i.e. ppl borrowed and borrowed
No single fiscal Authority or regulator
No central bank (i.e. why it happened aka no last resort lender in case of crisis)
Thrust to the crisis - Downgrading of investment banks and countries therefore scare in the financial market
Solution
750 B $ bailout BY european financial stability facility EFSF
50% loan waiver from their own countries banks
balanced budget amendment in their respective countries
European Central bank - 3 long year term refinancing operations
Austerity measures - In economics, austerity is a policy of deficit-cutting, lower spending, and a reduction in the amount of benefits and public services provided.[1] Austerity policies are often used by governments to reduce their deficit spending[2] while sometimes coupled with increases in taxes to pay back creditors to reduce debt.[3] "Austerity" was named the word of the year by Merriam-Webster in 2010
India and Eurozone
Will definately effect india since large no. of FDI comes from EU and 20% of indias export will get effected
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