‘
AKASH’MISSILE
- The Akash Weapon System (AWS) was indigenously developed by DRDO as part of the Integrated Guided Missile DevelopementProgramme (IGMDP) and is an all-weather, medium-range, Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) system. It provides multi-directional and multi-target area defence.
- The Akash missile can be launched from static or mobile platforms providing flexible deployment.
- The system can handle multiple targets and destroy manoeuvringtargets such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), fighter aircraft, cruise missiles and missiles launched from helicopters. It can operate autonomously, and engage and neutralize different aerial targets simultaneously.
The Weapon System is considered as the Indian "Patriot". It has certain unique characteristics like high mobility, all-the-way powered flight till target interception, multiple target handling, digitally-coded command guidance and fully automatic operation. The AWS consists of a Launcher, a missile with a 25 km range, control centre, multifunction fire control radar and supporting ground equipment.
- The missile has a launch weight of 720 kg and carry a 55-kg payload.
- It can fly at a speed of up to Mach 2.5 and climb up to an altitude of 18 km.
A versatile and wholly indigenous weapon system being built by the Defence PSU Bharat Dynamics Ltd (BDL), the Akash SAM systems will be the mainstay for Air Defence of the Country up to the 2030s & beyond.
‘TAL’ TORPEDO
The Light Weight Torpedo has been indigenously developed by the National Science and Technology Laboratory (NSTL), Visakhapatnam.
The Light Weight Torpedo (TAL) is an electrically propelled, self- homing Torpedo which can be launched both from ships and helicopters. It can hunt submarines with a speed of 33 knots with endurance of six minutes in shallow and deep waters. The Torpedo weighs around 220 kgs. BDL is manufacturing these Torpedoes at its Visakhapatnam Unit.
Bharat Dynamics Ltd
BDL, an ISO 9001:2008 Company was established in the year 1970 as a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under Ministry of Defence, Government of India. Over the years, the Company has progressed to become a multi-product and multi-location entity and is now the Prime Production Agency for Missile Systems, manufacturing a wide variety - from Anti Tank Guided Missiles (ATGMs) to Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAMs).
The Shaurya missile (Sanskrit: Valour)
- is a canister launched hypersonic surface-to-surface tactical missile developed by the Indian Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) for use by the Indian Armed Forces.
- It has a range of between 750 to 1900 km [5] and
- is capable of carrying a payload of one ton conventional or nuclear warhead.
- It gives the potential to strike in the short-intermediate range against any adversary.
| Weight | 6.2 t (6.8 short tons)[2] |
|---|---|
| Length | 10 m (33 ft)[3][2] |
| Diameter | 0.74 m (2.4 ft)[2] |
| Warhead | 180 to 1000 kg [7] |
| Engine | Two stage, solid fueled rocket motors |
| Operational range | 700 km[2][4] @ 1000 kg and 1900 km @ 180 kg [5][6] |
| Flight altitude | 40 Km [2] |
| Speed | Mach 7.5 [2] |
| Guidance system | Ring laser gyroscope |
| Launch platform | Canisterized launch from TEL or underground silo[2] |
- Prahaar (Sanskrit:प्रहार, Strike) is a solid-fuelled surface-to-surface guided short-range tactical ballistic missile by DRDO of India.
- It would be equipped with omni-directional warheads and could be used for hitting both tactical and strategic targets
- Prahar is developed to provide a cost effective, quick reaction, all-weather, all-terrain, highly accurate battlefield support tactical system.
- The development of the missile was carried out by the DRDO scientists in a span of less than two years.[
- The missile fills the short-range tactical battlefield missile role as required by the Indian Army and the Indian Air Force, to take out strategic and tactical targets. The mobile launch platform will carry six missiles, which can have different kind of warheads meant for different targets and can be fired in salvo mode in all directions covering the entire azimuth plane.
- This solid-fuelled missile can be launched within 2–3 minutes[4] without any preparation, providing significantly better reaction time than liquid-fuelled Prithvi ballistic missiles and act as a gap filler in the 150 km range, between the Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher and Smerch MBRL in one end and the Prithvi ballistic missiles on the other[1]. Prahaar may replace Smerch systems in service with the Indian Army.[5][6]
Prahar was test-fired successfully on 21 July 2011 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur.[7][8][9] During the test Prahar travelled a distance of 150 km in about 250 seconds[1][10] meeting all launch objectives and striking pre-designated target in the Bay of Bengal with a high degree of accuracy of less than 10 meters
| Weight | 1280 kg[1] |
|---|---|
| Length | 7.3 meters[1] |
| Diameter | 0.42 meter[1] |
| Warhead | 200 kg[1] |
| Propellant | Solid |
| Operational range | 150 km[1] |
| Flight altitude | 35 Kms[1] |
| Speed | Mach 2.03 (2160 km/h) (average speed) |
| Launch platform | 8 x 8 Tatra Transporter Erector launcher |
- A cruise missile is a guided missile that carries an explosive payload and is propelled, usually by a jet engine, towards a land-based or sea-based target. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high accuracy. Modern cruise missiles can travel at supersonic or high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating, and can fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low altitude trajectory. They are distinct from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in that they are used only as weapons and not for reconnaissance. In a cruise missile, the warhead is integrated into the vehicle and the vehicle is always sacrificed in the mission.
- A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering one or more warheads to a predetermined target. The missile is only guided during the relatively brief initial powered phase of flight and its course is subsequently governed by the laws of orbital mechanics and ballistics. To date, ballistic missiles have been propelled during powered flight by chemical rocket engines of various types.
- Battlefield range ballistic missile (BRBM): Range less than 200 km
- Short-range ballistic missile (SRBM): Range 1,000 km or less
- Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM): Range between 1,000 km and 3,500 km
The Agni missile (Sanskrit: अग्नि, Agnī, "fire" and also the Hindu god of fire, a cognate of Latin ignis, "fire", hence English ignite) is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature. The first missile of the series, Agni-I was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program and tested 1991. After its success, Agni missile program was separated from the IGMDP upon realizing its strategic importance. It was designated as a special program in India's defense budget and provided adequate funds for subsequent development. As of 2008, the Agni missile family comprises three deployed variants while two more variants are under testing:[12]
| Name | Type | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Agni-I | MRBM | 700 – 1,200 km[2][13] |
| Agni-II | IRBM | 2,000 – 2,500 km |
| Agni-III | IRBM | 3,000 – 5,000 km[7] |
| Agni-IV | IRBM | 2,500 – 3,700 km[14] [15] |
| Agni-V | ICBM | 5,000 – 8,000 km[16][17][18] |
| Agni-VI | ICBM | 6,000 – 10,000 km[19][20] (speculated to be under development) |
The Government of India launched the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program in 1983 to achieve self sufficiency in the development and production of wide range of Ballistic Missiles, Surface to Air Missiles etc.
Prithvi was the first missile to be developed under the Program. DRDO attempted to build Surface-to-air Missile under Project Devil.[1]
Variants make use of either liquid or both liquid and solid fuels. Developed as a battlefield missile, it could carry a nuclear warhead in its role as a tactical nuclear weapon.
[edit] Variants
The Prithvi missile project encompassed developing 3 variants for use by the Indian Army, Indian Air Force and the Indian Navy. The initial project framework of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program outlines the variants in the following manner.[2]- Prithvi I (SS-150) - Army Version (150 km range with a payload of 1,000 kg)
- Prithvi II (SS-250) - Air Force Version (250 km range with a payload of 500 kg)
- Prithvi III (SS-350) - Naval Version (350 km range with a payload of 500 kg)
- Dhanush- Dhanush is reportedly a naval version of Prithvi which can be launched from Ships.[3] Some sources claim that Dhanush is a System consisting of stabilization platform and missiles, which has the capability to launch both Prithvi II and Prithvi III from Ships[1] while others report that Dhanush is a variant of Prithvi-II Ballistic Missile.
BrahMos (Hindi:ब्रह्मोस ) is a stealth supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft or land. It is a joint venture between Republic of India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Russian Federation's NPO Mashinostroeyenia who have together formed BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited. The name BrahMos is a portmanteau formed from the names of two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia.
- It is the world's fastest cruise missile in operation.[3] The missile travels at speeds of Mach 2.8 to 3.0.[1] It is three times faster than USA's subsonic Tomahawk missile[2] and three-and-a-half times faster than the USA's subsonic Harpoon[4] or the French Exocet cruise missiles.
Though India had wanted the BrahMos to be based on a mid range cruise missile like P-700 Granit, Russia opted for the shorter range sister of the missile, P-800 Oniks, in order to comply with Missile Technology Control Regime restrictions, to which Russia is a signatory. Its propulsion is based on the Russian missile, and guidance has been developed by BrahMos Corp. The missile is expected to reach a total order worth of US$13 billion
The Lakshya ("target" in Sanskrit) is an Indian remotely piloted high speed target drone system developed by the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) of DRDO. The drone, remote piloted by a ground control station provides realistic towed aerial sub-targets for live fire training. The drone is ground or ship launched from a zero length launcher and recovery is by a two stage parachute system developed by ADE (DRDO), for land or sea based recovery. The drone has a crushable nose cone, which absorbs the impact of landing, minimizing damage. The flight path may be controlled or pre-programmed, based upon the type of mission.
The DRDO Nishant is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed by India's ADE (Aeronautical Development Establishment) a branch of DRDO for the Indian Armed Forces. The Nishant UAV is primarily tasked with intelligence gathering over enemy territory and also for reconnaissance, training, surveillance, target designation, artillery fire correction, damage assessment, ELINT and SIGINT. The UAV has an endurance of 4 h 30 min. Nishant has completed development phase and user trials.
The 380 kg (840 lb) Nishant UAV requires rail-launching from a hydro-pneumatic launcher and recovered by a Parachute System. Launches at a velocity of 45 m/s are carried out in 0.6 second with 100 kW power and subsequent launches can be carried out in intervals of 20 minutes. The Mobile Hydro-Pneumatic Launcher (MHPL) system mounted on a Tatra truck weighs 14,000 kg (31,000 lb) and boasts of a life cycle of 1000 launches before requiring overhaul. Nishant is one of the few UAVs in the world in its weight-class capable of being catapult-launched and recovered by using parachute, thus eliminating the need for a runway as in case of conventional take-off and landing with wheels.
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